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1.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 35(3): 246-252, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959438

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Las infecciones urinarias asociadas a la atención de la salud (ITU-AAS) representan un importante problema sanitario, siendo poco conocidas sus características cuando no están asociadas a cateterización urinaria u ocurren fuera de unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Objetivos: Determinar las características de los pacientes con ITU-AAS, etiología y susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de las mismas, tanto asociadas a catéter (ITU-C) como no asociadas a catéter (ITU-noC), en UCI y en sala general. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico retrospectivo de corte transversal entre 2009 y 2013 en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel. Se identificaron todos los episodios de ITU-AAS, diferenciándolas en ITU-C e ITU-noC. Resultados: Se incluyeron 253 episodios de ITU-AAS, siendo más frecuentes las ITU-C (60,9%) respecto a ITU-noC. Un 37,4% de ITU-noC y 59,7% de ITU-C ocurrieron en UCI. Los microorganismos aislados más frecuentemente fueron Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae y Enterococcus sp. El 19% de los bacilos gramnegativos fueron productores de β-lactamasa de espectro extendido, siendo su frecuencia similar en ambos grupos. Conclusión: Las co-morbilidades de los pacientes con ITU-AAS, los agentes etiológicos responsables y sus correspondientes espectros de sensibilidad, fueron similares en los grupos de ITU-C e ITU-noC, tanto en sala general como en UCI.


Introduction: Nosocomially acquired urinary tract infections (NAUTI) represent an important public health issue, but its characteristics when they are not catheter associated (CA-UTI) or when they take place outside intensive care units (ICU) are poorly understood. Objectives: To determine the patients' characteristics, etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of NAUTI, both CA-UTI and no CA-UTI, in general ward and ICU. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analytic cross-sectional study, between 2009 and 2013, in a third level universitary hospital. All NAUTI episodes were identified, classifying them as CA-UTI and no CA-UTI. Results: We included 253 episodes of NAUTI, being CA-UTI (60,9%) more frequent than no CA-UTI. A 37,4% of no CA-UTI and 59,7% of CA-UTI were identified in ICU. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus sp. A 19% of extended spectrum betalactamase producing gram negative bacilli were found, without differences between groups. Conclusion: Patients's comorbidities, microorganisms associated to NAUTI and its antimicrobial susceptibility were similar in CA-UTI and no CA-UTI, as in general ward and ICU.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Urinary Tract Infections/etiology , Urinary Catheterization/adverse effects , Cross Infection/etiology , Catheter-Related Infections/complications , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Hospitals, University , Intensive Care Units , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
2.
Barbarói ; (47,n.esp): 90-106, jan.-jul. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-868774

ABSTRACT

O presente artigo é produto de uma pesquisa cujo cerne principal buscou compreender o fenômeno da estigmatização que imigrantes haitianos residentes no município de Lajeado, na região do Vale do Taquari, no Rio Grande do Sul, recebem por parte de moradores locais estabelecidos. A pesquisa pretendia compreender em que medida os haitianos são estigmatizados por alguns moradores estabelecidos em Lajeado e quais são as formas de estigma que surgem neste processo. Tal pesquisa utilizou-se para a coleta de dados, instrumentos qualitativos entre eles a observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais e também em grupo com moradores locais estabelecidos de todos os estratos sociais, assim como informações vinculadas pela mídia local através de matérias de jornais e programas de rádio.


This article is the product of a research that the main core is to understand the stigmatisation that Haitian immigrants residents in Lajeado in the region of Taquari Valley, Rio Grande do Sul receives by local residents established. The survey seeks to understand how the Haitians are stigmatized by some locals established in Lajeado and what are the forms of stigma that arise in this process. This research used as data collection, qualitative instruments including participant observation, individual semi-structured interviews and with group with local residents established, as well as information linked by local media through newspaper reports and radio programs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Emigrants and Immigrants , Social Stigma
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